Question 1:

When a tyre is heated:

• The number of air particles inside doesn’t change (unless it’s leaking or more air is added).

• The particles move faster (higher kinetic energy).

• Faster movement means they hit the tyre walls harder and more often (since speed increases the collision rate with the walls).

• This increases the pressure (from the ideal gas law: P∝T at constant volume).

Correct explanation: B — “The pressure increases because the particles hit the sides harder and more often.”

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 2:

Let’s break this down:

• Temperature is constant → average particle speed stays the same.

• More air is pumped in → number of particles increases.

• Pressure comes from particles hitting the walls. With more particles at the same speed, collisions with the walls happen more often (per unit time), so pressure increases.

That matches: Pressure increases, Particle speed stays the same → option A.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 3:

Let’s reason through:

• Cyclist sits on bike → weight compresses the tyre → volume decreases.

• Temperature constant.

• According to Boyle’s law (P×V=constant at constant T), if volume decreases, pressure increases.

So: Volume decreases, Pressure increases → option D.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 4:

The particles have the least kinetic energy when they are as cold as possible — that is, at absolute zero.

Absolute zero is:

At this temperature, particle motion (in classical terms) has the minimum kinetic energy.

So the correct choice is:
C) -273 °C

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 5:

To convert from Celsius to kelvin:

Here:

So the answer is A) 100 K.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 6:

To convert from kelvin to Celsius:

Here:

So the answer is C) 127 °C.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 7:

We can use Boyle’s Law at constant temperature:

P₁V₁=P₂V₂

Given:

P₁=100 kPa, V₁=30 cm³, V₂=75 cm³

100×30=P₂×75

3000=P₂×75

P₂=3000/75=40 kPa

Correct answer: D) 40 kPa.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 8:

We continue with Boyle's Law from the previous setup:

P₁V₁=P₂V₂

With P₁=100 kPa, V₁=30 cm³, and P₂=125 kPa:

100×30=125×V₂

3000=125×V₂

V₂=3000/125=24 cm³

The correct answer is B) 24 cm³.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 9:

We can use the pressure law (Gay-Lussac’s law) for a gas at constant volume:

P₁/T₁=P₂/T₂

Given:

P₁=1×10⁵ Pa, T₁=300 K, T₂=350 K

P₂=P₁×T₂ / T₁

P₂=1×10⁵×350/300

P₂=1×10⁵×1.167

P2≈1.167×10⁵ Pa

This is closest to 1.2×10⁵ Pa in the options given.

Answer: A) 1.2×10⁵ Pa.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.

Question 10:

We use the pressure law again at constant volume:

P₁/T₁=P₂/T₂

Given:

P₁=1×10⁵ Pa, T₁=300 K ,P₂=9×10⁴ Pa

T₂=T₁×P₂ / P₁

T₂=300×9×10⁴ / 1×10⁵

T2 = 270 K

Now convert to Celsius:

Correct answer: D) -3 °C.

*These A.I. responses have been individually checked to ensure they match the accepted answer, but explanations may still be incorrect. Responses may give guidance but the A.I. might not be able to answer the question! This is particularly the case for questions based on diagrams, which the A.I. typically cannot interpret.
Grade Gorilla uses Gemini, Deepseek and a range of other A.I. chatbots to generate the saved responses. Some answers have had human intervention for clarity or where the A.I. has not been able to answer the question.