10 minutes maximum! Can you do it in 5?
1. Pathogens are prevented from entering our bodies in many ways. Some defence mechanisms are found in...
  • A. the skin
  • B. the nose
  • C. the stomach
  • D. all of the above
2. Hydrochloric acid kills many pathogens. Where in the body is this acid found?
  • A. the skin
  • B. the nose
  • C. the stomach
  • D. all of the above
3. Which component of blood helps fight infection and disease?
  • A. Red blood cells
  • B. White blood cells
  • C. Platelets
  • D. Plasma

4. Which one of the following is a common antibiotic, and what pathogen does it prevent from causing disease?

  Common antibiotic Antibiotics kill....
A penicillin viruses
B asprin viruses
C penicillin bacteria
D asprin bacteria
5. Many white blood cells are phagocytes, that use 'phagocytosis' to kill pathogens. This is a process where the cells....
  • A. ingest and destroy pathogens
  • B. produce acids to destroy pathogens
  • C. produce antitoxins
  • D. produce antibodies
6-8: Covid-19 is caused by a virus.   The following questions are about our response to viral infections like covid-19. corona virus image
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6. The body's reponse to a virus has several stages, including these:

I. Antibodies are released by white blood cells
II. Antibodies attach to antigens
III. Viral antigens are detected and trigger an immune response

Finally the virus is destroyed.

  

What is the correct order of stages I to III?

  • A. I → II → III
  • B. I → III → II
  • C. III → I → II
  • D. II → I → III

7. One method to prevent serious disease from a virus is to expose people to a weakened version of the virus, or part of the virus. The body will build up defences without the person becoming seriously ill. This process is called ...

  • A. vaccination
  • B. sterilisation
  • C. antibiotic resistance
  • D. antifungal treatment
8. Some defence cells are produced that respond to antigens and remain in the body, preventing later infection from the same virus. These are called...
  • A. antitoxins
  • B. memory lymphocytes
  • C. memory phagocytes
  • D. antibodies
9+10. These questions are about clinical trials of new drugs /medicines. Prescription Tablets
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9. A 'clinical trial' of a new drug means the drug...

  • A. is tested on a number of people
  • B. is tested on cells and tissues in the laboratory
  • C. is tested on animals with similar diseases to humans
  • D. is compared to old drugs in the laboratory
10. Whilst testing new drugs, patients may be given a 'placebo'.

What is a placebo?

  • A. A substance that has no medical effect, used as a control
  • B. An older version of the drug
  • C. A well established medicine like asprin used as a comparison
  • D. A weaker version of the new drug